However, car manufacturers can’t directly jump into commercialisation. “We first need to ensure customers’ peace of mind by establishing a globally harmonised standard for charging process and systems. Without such a standard, customers of electro mobility will face the same frustration as with mobile phone chargers. Each time we buy a mobile phone we also have to buy a new charger, which may not be compatible with the next one we will buy in future either. In case of xEVs and their charging stations, the frustration would be much bigger.”